Engels also moved to Belgium and soon after published a book called The Conditions of the Working Class in England, heavily critical of capitalism. Not long after, with the Prussian government exerting pressure on France, Marx was forced to move to Belgium. In 1844, Marx and Engels met in Paris, becoming close friends and collaborators.
Under threat of censorship, Marx left Prussia with his wife, Jenny von Westphalen, to live in France. Around the same time, Marx edited a German newspaper, advocating for the rights of the masses and pushing its editorial line in a more revolutionary direction.
In 1842, Engels moved to Manchester, England, to work in the office of his father’s cotton mill, giving the young man unparalleled insight into the conditions of the working class and the effects of the capitalist system. Each of them found a community of like-minded individuals in the Young Hegelians, a group of intellectuals that reacted to and wrote about Hegel’s legacy. At a young age, both men found an affinity with the works of German philosopher Georg Hegel, whose theory that societal progress is the result of conflicting elements had a strong influence over their political writings. They had markedly different upbringings: Marx’s father supported his academic pursuits (albeit insisting his son studied law rather than philosophy), while Engels was pushed into joining his father’s business. Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels were both born in Prussia, now Germany.
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